Palōfesa Epeli Hau'ofa Mo e Moanaism ^Featured

Fai ‘e Palōfesa Hūfanga Dr ‘Ōkusitino Māhina
Professor of Art, Culture and Critical Anthropology
Vava’u Academy for Critical Inquiry and Applied Research [VACIAR] &
Tonga International Academy [TIA]

Na‘a ku taukave, he ‘atikolo 15, ‘a e konga valevale ‘o e ngāue manakoa ‘a e ongo sikola ‘iloa ko Palōfesa Edward Said fekau‘aki mo e fakakaukau mo fakangāue ‘o e “Orientalism” mo Palōfesa Epeli Hau‘ofa felāve‘i mo e fakakaukau mo fakangāue ‘oku ou ui ko e “Moanaism” [pē “Oceanism” ha faka‘uhinga ‘a Palōfesa Hau‘ofa] he’ene vātatau mo e ‘uhinga ‘a Palōfesa Said ki he Orientalism, ‘a ia na‘a na fakaanga‘i fefeka mo mahino fakatoulōua ‘a e lahi mo e fakatu‘utāmaki ‘o e ma‘uhala ‘e he kau sikola ‘o e Uēsite he funga ‘enau mimio mo fulihi ‘a e kotoa mo e lukufuá ‘o e ngaahi talafonua / kalatua ‘a e Moana [mo e Hahake], ‘o peisi he fakakaukau mo fakangāue fakaUēsite.

Te u tālave heni, he ‘atikolo 16, ki ha fanga ki‘i fakatātā ‘o e Moanaism hono huluhulu mei he ngāue fakaako / fakasaienisi mo faka‘aati mo fakalitilali mā‘uhinga mo mālie ‘a Palōfesa Hau‘ofa. ‘Oku ‘uhinga ‘a e “Moanaism” ki he Moana [‘o hangē ko e  “Orientalism” ki he “Orient” / Hahake], ‘a ia ‘oku tuhu ki hono mimio mamahi mo fulihi ta‘efakaongonoa ‘e he kau sikola ‘o e Uēsite mo e Uēsite ‘a e talafonua / kalatua ‘a e Moana [mo Hahake], ‘o nau fakavete honau anga mo’oni mo totonu ka e fakatui ‘a e anga loi mo kehe, ‘a ia ‘oku hoko ai ‘enau mo‘ui pōpula mo mo‘ulaloa ki he ngaahi fonua Uēsite, ‘o taku ‘oku nau fihi, ma‘olunga, maama mo poto ange kinautolu he kau Moana.

Na‘e takimu‘a ‘a Palōfesa Hau‘ofa ne vaka mai he‘ene ngaahi ngāue masani mo fungani lahi fakaako / fakasaienisi mo faka‘aati mo fakalitilali hono faka‘anga‘i fefeka ‘a e nunu‘akovi mo e fakatu‘utāmaki hono mimio mo fulihi ‘e he kau sikola ‘o e Uēsite mo e Uēsite ‘a e ngaahi talafonua / kalatua ‘a e Moana ‘oku fakatokolahi mo fakafelavai hono anga / talafonua mei he sio fakaUēsite ‘oku fakatokotaha mo fakakohi / fakalaini ‘ene to‘onga / kalatua. ‘Oku to e ‘asi ‘eni he kehekehe tefito he vaha‘a ‘o e lea Tonga, ‘o mu‘omu‘a ma‘u pē ‘a e fatongia / ngāue / “action” he kita / sino / “self,” mo e lea ‘Ingilisi, ‘a ia ‘oku takimu‘a ma‘u pē ‘a e kita / sino he fatongia / ngāue.

‘Oku kau heni hono fulihi ‘e he Uēsite ‘a e fakakaukau mo fakangāue ‘o e ako fakaTonga na‘e makatu‘unga he liliu fakatā-va, fakafuo-uho mo fakangāue ‘a e ‘atamai [mo e fakakaukau] mei he vale [“ignorance”] ki he ‘ilo [“knowledge”] ki he poto [“skills”], ‘o fa‘oaki ‘a e ‘ilo mo e poto he ongo me‘angāue ko e fonua / kalatua / “culture” fetu‘utaki mo e tala / lea / “language” he tā mo e vā.  ‘Oku makatu‘unga he ngaahi mala‘e fakaako lalahi ‘e tolu ko e tufunga, nimame‘a mo e faiva, ‘a ia ko e vahe tolu lalahi pē ia ‘o e ‘aati fakaTonga, ‘o tukufakaholo he ngaahi ha‘a, ‘a ia ko e ha‘a tufunga [hangē ko e langafale, lalava, nimatapu], ha‘a nimamea‘a [hangē ko e koka‘anga, lālanga, tuikakala] mo e ha‘a faiva [hangē ko e ta‘anga, fānifo, heulupe] mo e hā fua.

Professor Epeli Hau'ofa

‘Oku to e kau heni mo hono vaetu‘ua ‘e he Uēsite ‘a e ako faka‘uhingame‘a / ako ‘uhinga ‘oku tefito he fekumi ki he ‘ilo [“knowledge (production),” “theoretical,” “academic”] mo e ako faka‘aongame‘a / ako ‘aonga ‘oku makatu‘unga hono liliu ‘a e ‘ilo ki he poto [“skill (knowledge application),” “technical,” “pragmatic”], ‘o to e fakaloloma ange ko hono fakamu‘omu‘a  ‘a e ako ‘aonga he ako ‘uhinga, ‘a ia ‘oku to‘o fua ‘e Tonga [mo e Moana] mo fa‘ifa‘itaki mo fakatatau fakatapau ki ai, ‘o lolotonga ko ia ‘oku fakamu‘omu’a  ‘a e ‘ilo he poto – mo na to e nofo fakataha ta‘emavahevahe ka 'e kei mu‘omu‘a ma‘u pe ‘a e ‘ilo he poto – ‘a ia ‘oku mata‘ā‘ā ‘ene ‘asi he ‘uhinga fakaTonga tupu‘a ‘o e ako ko e liliu ‘a e ‘atamai [mo e fakakaukau] mei he vale ki he ‘ilo ki he poto.

‘Oku to e mafola atu hono uesia ‘e he kau sikola ‘o e Uēsite mo e Uēsite ‘a e talafonua / kalatua ‘a e Moana mo Tonga he‘enau vaetu‘ua ‘a e tufunga mo e faiva ko e ‘aati / “art” mei he nimamea‘a / “craft,” ‘o nau taku ‘oku makatu‘unga ‘a e ‘aati he faka‘ofo‘ofa / mālie / “beauty” ka e tefito ‘a e nimame‘a / “craft” he ‘aonga / “utility,” ‘o lotolotonga ko ia ‘oku nofo fakataha mo ta‘emavahevahe ‘a e faka‘ofo‘ofa / mālie mo e ‘aonga he kotoa ‘o e ngaahi ‘aati, ‘a ia ‘oku vaetolu lalahi ki he tufunga, nimamea‘a mo e faiva, ‘o ‘ikai ke nau kehekehe hono vaetu‘ua ‘a e ‘aati mo e faka‘ofo‘ofa / mālie mei he nimamea‘a mo e ‘aonga, ‘a ia ‘oku na ta‘emavahevahe, ka ‘oku nau kehekehe he ‘oku fakahoko ‘a e tufunga mo e nimamea‘a ‘i “tu‘a-he-sino” ka e fai ‘a e faiva ‘i “loto-he-sino.”

‘Oku ‘asi lelei ‘a e ‘uhinga loloto mo mā‘uhinga fakaTonga ko ‘eni he ‘aati, ‘o tatau kotoa ‘a e tufunga, nimamea‘a mo e faiva, ‘a ia ‘oku na tefito fakatoulōua he faka‘ofo‘ofa / mālie / “beauty” mo e ‘aonga / “utility.” Neongo ‘e mu‘omu‘a ma ‘u pē ‘a e ‘aonga he faka‘ofo‘ofa / mālie, ‘o hangē ko e ‘aonga hono langa ha fale ko e nofo‘anga malu, ka ko e tā-vā ‘oku langa ai ‘a e fale ‘oku mu‘omu‘a leva ‘a e faka ‘ofo ‘ofa / mālie he ‘aonga, ‘o ‘uhinga ko ‘ene faka ‘ofo ‘ofa / mālie ange ko e lahi ange ia ‘ene ‘aonga mo e tolonga, ‘a ia ‘oku tupu ‘ene ‘aonga mo tolonga lahi ko ‘ene faka‘ofo‘ofa mo mālie – ‘o hangē ko hono fakamu‘omu’a ma‘u pē ‘a e ‘ilo he poto he fakakaukau mo fakangāue fakaTonga ‘o e ako.

‘Ofa atu fau ka ta u toki hoko atu.